CentOS 7.6 安装 MySQL 8

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CentOS7 安装 MySQL

从官网下载 rpm 包

​ 从 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ 下载对应系统版本的 MySQL 安装包，我的系统式 CentOS 7.6，安装 Oracle Linux 7 这条

​ 到下载页面找到名为No thanks,just start my download的链接，复制这个链接的地址，我这里下载到了/tmp/mysql文件夹下

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
--2020-12-16 13:09:42--  https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm [following]
--2020-12-16 13:09:46--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.205.96.240
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.205.96.240|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 26024 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm’

100%[======================================================================================================================================>] 26,024       152KB/s   in 0.2s   

2020-12-16 13:09:47 (152 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm’ saved [26024/26024]

安装

​ 使用yum install命令安装

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-3 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
epel/7/x86_64                                                                                                                                            | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                 | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     
epel/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                 | 6.9 MB  00:00:01     
extras/7/x86_64                                                                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
os/7/x86_64                                                                                                                                              | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
updates/7/x86_64                                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                         Arch                         Version                       Repository                                                     Size
================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql80-community-release                       noarch                       el7-3                         /mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch                        31 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 31 k
Installed size: 31 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch                                                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch                                                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-3                                                                                                                                      

Complete!

​ 安装 MySQL 服务器

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
mysql-connectors-community                                                                                                                               | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                                                                                    | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql80-community                                                                                                                                        | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                           |  83 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                      |  68 kB  00:00:00     
(3/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                               | 128 kB  00:00:01     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.22-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.22-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Arch                            Version                               Repository                                  Size
================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs                                    x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                          4.6 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
 mysql-community-libs-compat                             x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                          1.2 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
 mysql-community-server                                  x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                          510 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client                                  x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                           48 M
 mysql-community-client-plugins                          x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                          235 k
 mysql-community-common                                  x86_64                          8.0.22-1.el7                          mysql80-community                          616 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  3 Packages (+3 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 564 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY:-- ETA 
Public key for mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/6): mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                            | 235 kB  00:00:00     
(2/6): mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                    | 616 kB  00:00:01     
(3/6): mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                      | 4.6 MB  00:00:07     
(4/6): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                               | 1.2 MB  00:00:03     
(5/6): mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                    |  48 MB  00:03:28     
(6/6): mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                     54% [==================================-                            ]  98 kB/s | 309 MB  00:44:09 ETA  54% [==================================-                            ] 10(6/6): mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                     54% [==================================-                            ] 10(6/6): mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                    | 510 MB  00:44:40     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                           214 kB/s | 564 MB  00:44:53     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 Package    : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (@/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   1/7 
  Installing : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                           2/7 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                     3/7 
  Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   4/7 
  Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   5/7 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                              6/7 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                           7/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                     1/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   2/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                           3/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   4/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                   5/7 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                              6/7 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                           7/7 

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7             mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7             mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7            

Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7           mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7           mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.22-1.el7          

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7                                                                                                                                            

Complete!

​ 启动并查看 MySQL 状态

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-12-16 14:59:43 CST; 14s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 17368 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 17452 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─17452 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Dec 16 14:59:33 VM-8-9-centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Dec 16 14:59:43 VM-8-9-centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

配置 MySQL

​ 查看初始密码

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 
2020-12-16T06:59:37.568001Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 6#bsu:lel2Tk

​ 登录 MySQL

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

​ 修改密码

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alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '新的密码';
# MySQL 在这里要求修改的密码有一定的安全性，所以需要设置一个难度较大的密码

​ 修改密码规则

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mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
ERROR 1193 (HY000): Unknown system variable 'validate_password_policy'
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password.length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

​ 随后可以重新设置密码

开启远程登录

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[root@VM-8-9-centos mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 8.0.22 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set host="%" where Host='localhost' and user = "root";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

​ 如果是云服务器，可能需要在对应的控制台开启3306端口的防火墙权限

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